Hawaii

Geology Resources - Hawaii

• Hawaii State Department of Land and Natural Resources
• Hawaii State Minerals Information (USGS)
• Bishop Museum - Geology
• Geologic Information About Hawaii, presented by the U. S. Geological Survey.
• Geologic Map of Hawaii, presented by Andrew Alden on About.com.
• Geology Hawaii - Smith College Trip (photographs)
• Geology of Hawaii, presented by Hawaii Forest and Trail.
• Hawaii Geography and Geology, presented by Hawaiian style.org.
• Hawaii Geology - Map of Hawaii, presented by geology.com.
• Hawai'i - Spring Break 2000, by Ellin Beltz.
• Hawaii Volcanoes National Park
• Hawaiian Field Trips - Index of Student Web Pages
• “History and Status of The Moiliili Karst, Hawaii,” by William R. Halliday, Hawaii Speleological Survey, 6530 Cornwall Court, Nashville, TN 37205 USA. [PDF]
• National Geologic Map Database, presented by the United States Geologic Survey.
• Points of Geologic History - the Island of Hawaii, photographs by Steve Mattox.
• United States Geological Survey Fact Sheet on Hawaii
• University of Hawaii at Manoa - Department of Geology and Geophysics
• US Mineralogy Literature List on J. Adam's Mineral Page

Research Resources - Hawaii

• Archives
  • Archival Research Catalog, U. S. National Archives & Records Administration (NARA)
  • Directories of Archival Resources for Archivists and Researchers, resented by the New England Archivists.
  • Directory of Historical Records Repositories in Hawaii, presented by the Association of Hawaii Archivists and the Hawaiian Historical Society.
  • Hawaii Archives and Libraries
  • Hawai’i Pacific University’s Libraries Collections
  • Hawaii State Archives
  • Hawaii - U. S. GenWeb Archives (Table of Contents)
  • Hawaiian Imprint Collection - Hawaiian publications, Nineteenth Century, Library of Congress.
  • Library of Congress Digitized American Memory Collection
  • National Geologic Map Database, presented by the United States Geologic Survey.
  • National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections (NUCMC) Listing of Archives and Manuscript Repositories in Hawaii
  • Repositories of Primary Sources – Hawaii (University of Idaho Library, Special Collections and Archives)
  • Special Collections Web Resources, hosted by the Rare Book and Manuscript Section of the American Library Association, includes links to discussion lists, information about electronic records, and online preservation resources.
  • University of Hawaii at Mano - Archives
  • U. S. National Archives & Records Management (NARA)
• Historical Sources
  • American Folklife Center - The Library of Congress' repository for American folk music and folklore and folklife collections.
  • American Memory - the Library of Congress' gateway to primary source materials relating to the history and culture of the United States. “Mission: American Memory provides free and open access through the Internet to written and spoken words, sound recordings, still and moving images, prints, maps, and sheet music that document the American experience. It is a digital record of American history and creativity. These materials, from the collections of the Library of Congress and other institutions, chronicle historical events, people, places, and ideas that continue to shape America, serving the public as a resource for education and lifelong learning.”
  • Architecture of the United States, presented by Glass, Steel, and Stone.
  • Directory of Historical Records Repositories in Hawaii
  • Economic History of Hawaii, presented by EH.net Encyclopedia.
  • Ghost Towns of Hawaii, presented by Gary B Speck Publications.
  • Hawaiian Culture, History, and Language, presented on About.com.
  • Hawaii History, presented by Hawaiian Roots.
  • Hawaii - State Overview - State & Profile Guides - State Facts & Figures, presented by LibrarySpot.com.
  • HawaiiGenWeb Project
  • Hawaiian Buildings, Structures, & Architects on the Philadelphia Architects & Buildings Project (PAB) web site. You can search the database for buildings, structures, and architects either as a visitor or you can register free. You cannot search for specific cities, but you can search for county locations. There are no photographs presented, but the location and/or address and the name of the architect are included if known; and the historic registration information is also included.
  • Hawaii History and Genealogy
  • The Hawaiian Historical Society
  • Hawaiian Imprint Collection - Hawaiian publications, Nineteenth Century, Library of Congress.
  • Historic Federal Buildings, by Phineas E. Paist and Harold D. (View by State or Architect)
  • History of the Hawaiian Islands
  • History of the Hawaiian Islands, presented by World History Archives.
  • History Online
  • Index of Resources for Historians - the Index is maintained jointly by the Department of History of the University of Kansas and the Lehrstuhl für Ältere deutsche Literaturwissenschaft der Universität Regensburg, and is managed by Eric Marzo of Regensburg and Lynn H. Nelson of Kansas.
  • Kona Historical Society
  • Library of Congress Digitized American Memory Collection
  • Linkpendium - Hawaii
  • Making of America (MOA) Making of America is a digital library of primary sources in American social history from the antebellum period through reconstruction.
  • Maui Historical Society
  • The National Parks Service - Links to the Past - People - Places - Objects & Events: “Explore America 's cultural resources - buildings, landscapes, archeological sites, ethnographic resources, objects and documents, structures and districts.”
  • National Register - Online Travel Itineraries in the United States
  • The Nineteenth Century in Print: The Making of America in Books and Periodicals. A distributed digital library collaboration at the Cornell University Library - Library of Congress - American Memories.
  • Resources for Historians, Hanover College, Department of History, Hanover, Indiana
  • Resources for Historians on the World Wide Web, A Service of the History Department, University of Nevada, Reno.
  • Resources for Historians - The History Guide, presented by Steven Kreis.
• Libraries
  • Hamilton Library, University of Hawaii at Manoa.
  • Hawaii Archives and Libraries
  • Hawai’i Pacific University’s Libraries
  • The Hawaiian Historical Society Library, the following are a few of the topics:
    • Newspapers Published in Hawai`i
    • Manuscript Collections
    • Photographs of the Hawaiian Islands
    • Maps of Hawai`i and the Pacific
  • Hawaii Libraries on the Web
  • LIBCAT: U.S. – Hawaii
  • LibDex - The Library Index – Hawaii
  • Library of Congress Digitized American Memory Collection
    • Library of Congress Learning Page for Digitized Collections
  • National Archive - Pacific Region
• Museums
  • The Bishop Museum
    • Geology
  • Hawaii Maritime Center
  • Hawaii Maritime Museums
  • Hawaii Museums, presented on About.com.
  • Hawaii Museums Association
  • Hawaii State Public Library System
  • Koke'e Natural History Museum – the Island of Kaua'i, Hawai'i
  • Lyman Museum - Natural and Cultural History of Hawaii
• Other
  • Cyndi's List - Online Research Resources - Hawaii
  • Genealogy Resources on the Internet - Hawaiian Resources
  • Guide to 50 States – Hawaii

  • Hawaii, on Wikipedia

  • Hawaii Almanac, presented by Netstate.com.
  • Hawaii Facts & Trivia, presented by 50 States.com.
  • Hawaii Gardens, presented by Hawaiian style.org.
  • National Geologic Map Database, presented by the United States Geologic Survey.
  • TerraServer-USA, sponsored by the U.S. Geological Survey and MSN Virtual Earth.
  • Topographic Maps and Atlases
  • TopoZone “The TopoZone is the Web's center for recreational and professional topographic map users.” (Includes a place name search form.)
  • United States Resources: Hawaii, presented by Karen E. Isaacson.
  • World Almanac for Kids Online – Hawaii
  • WorldAtlas.com – Hawaii

The Hawaii Stone Industry

• 1885 - The Hawaii Stone and Building Industry in 1885, Excerpts from Mineral Resources of the United States, Calendar Year 1885, David T. Day, Geologist, Department of the Interior, United States Geological Survey, Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C., 1887. Excerpt from the chapter on "Structural Materials," by H. S. Sproull.
• 1908 - The Hawaii Stone Industry, 1908, Excerpts from Mineral Resources of the United States, Calendar Year 1908, Part II - Nonmetallic Products, Department of the Interior, United States Geological Survey, Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C., 1909. Excerpt from the book is from the chapter on "Stone," by A. T. Coons.
• 1994 through 2004 - The Mineral Industry of Hawaii - United States Geological Survey (1994 through 2004).
• The Mineral Industry of Hawaii – 1997, presented by the U. S. Geological Survey. [PDF]
• The Mineral Industry of Hawaii - 1998, presented by the U. S. Geological Survey. [PDF]
• Pacific Reef Quarry Investigation, by Kelly Shimabukuro, University of Hawai'i, Sea Grant College Program Communications Office. The site is maintained by page is maintained by Sea Grant Communications. (The following quote is used with the permission of the Sea Grant College Program, University of Hawaii.) The link from which the information below was obtained is no longer available.)
  <http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/SEAGRANT/Makai/oct97/MakaiOctIII.html>

  "Many of the Pacific islands have limited land and resources which cannot accommodate these levels of expansion, resulting in increased amounts of reef flat dredging as a means for providing necessary building and construction materials..."

  "The reef material obtained from dredging operations located in coral reef quarries are utilized for the building of roads and structures and also as a source of fill material. These dredging operations can be employed in a manner that is either conducive or prohibitive to the subsequent recovery of the reef flat."

• Volcanic Rocks and Coral Deposits in Hawaii (From Mining and Mineral Operations in the United States: A Visitor’s Guide, by Staff, Bureau of Mines, Area Mineral Resource Offices, U. S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, 1967, pp. 20.)

  “Hawaii’s volcanic rocks and coral deposits have provided materials for roads and buildings on the islands, but their industries offer little to vie with tourist attractions. Visitors may buy the rare black coral gem materials as souvenirs. They were probably taken by scuba divers from forests of the treelike black coral deposits in a deep channel off Maui Island. Coral of many shades and colors is found.”

Printed Sources

(Please note: Many of the books listed below were found during searches of these two sources: (1) Melvyl: The Catalog of the University of California Libraries and (2) the Hamilton Library at the University of Hawaii at Manoa.)

• An Analysis of the Mauna Kea Adze Quarry Archaeobotanical Assemblage, by Melinda Sue Allen, 1981, 162 leaves. (“Notes: Typescript. Thesis (M.A.)--University of Hawaii.”)
• Archaeological Investigations of the Puu Moiwi Adze Quarry Complex, Kaho'olawe, by Patrick Carlton McCoy, Akihiko Sinoto, Atwood Makanani, Wailuku, Hawaii, Kaho'olawe Island Conveyance Commission, 1993, 204 pp.
• Archaeological Reconaissance of the Proposed Quarry and Rock Crushing and Batch Plant Relocation Site, Kamoku, La'na’i Island, Hawaii, by Douglas Borthwick, Cultural Surveys Hawaii, 1990, 14 leaves. (“Prepared for La'nai Company, Inc." "February 1990.")
• Archaeological Walk-through Reconnaissance Survey of the Proposed Hawaiian Cement Puunene Quarry, Located at Pulehunui, Wailuku, (Kula), Maui, by Joseph Kennedy, Halewi: Archaeological Consultants of Hawaii, 1990, 2 leaves.
• Atlas of North America, New York: Oxford University Press, 2005, 320 pp.
• The B. P. Bishop Museum Mauna Kea Adz Quarry Project, by Patrick C. McCoy, Honolulu: Department of Anthropology, B. P. Bishop Museum, 1978. ( Hawaii State Historic Preservation Office. Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum Department of Anthropology.)
• Barnes’ Hawaiian Geography, New York: A. S. Barnes, 26 pp.
• Bibliography of the Geology and Water Resources of the Island of Hawaii, by Gordon Andrew Macdonald, 1947, 191 pp. (Hawaii Department of Public Lands Division of Hydrography Bulletin 10)
• A Descriptive Bibliography of the Current Holdings in the Rare Bookroom of Hamilton Library Concerning Geographical Works, Maps, Atlases, and Exploration Literature, by Marc Allen Levin, Honolulu, Hawaii: The Associates of the Library of the University of Hawaii, Manoa, 1979. (“Occasional papers Associates of the Library of the University of Hawaii at Manoa 1”)
• The Economic Geography of Hawaii, by Otis Willard Freeman, Honolulu: University of Hawaii, 1927, 87 pp. (Research Publications ( University of Hawaii ) no. 2)
• Environmental Impact Statement for Excavation and Quarrying Operation at Honokahau, 2nd, north Kona District, island of Hawaii, prepared by J. H. K. Tanaka, Inc., 1975, 9 leaves. (Alternate title: Excavation and Quarrying Operation at Honokahau 2nd, north Kona District, island of Hawaii, Hawaii )
• Environmental Impact Statement for Excavation and Quarrying Use at Waihee, Oahu (R. M. Towill Corporation), Honolulu: The R. M. Towill Corporation, 1974, 16 leaves. (Alternate title: Excavation and Quarrying Use at Waihee, Oahu)
• Geography of the Hawaiian Islands, by Charles Wickliffe Baldwin, New York: American Book Company, 1908, 128 pp.
• Geography of the Hawaiian Islands, by Charles Wickliffe Baldwin, Rev., N.Y.: American Book Co., 1924, 131 pp.
• Geology and Geophysics in Hawaii: Bibliography of Theses and Dissertations, 1909-1977, by Unni Havem Rowell, Honolulu: Hawaii Institute of Geophysics, University of Hawaii, 1978, 78 pp.
• Geology and Ground-water Resources of the Honolulu Pearl Harbor Area, Oahu, Hawaii, by Chester K. Wentworth, Honolulu, Hawaii: Board of Water Supply, City and County of Honolulu, 1951, 111 pp.
• Geology and Ground-water Resources of the Island of Hawaii, by Harold T. Stears and Gordon A. MacDonald, Prepared in cooperation with the U. S. Geological Survey, Honolulu, Hawaii: printed in the territory of Hawaii, 1947, 363 pp. ( Hawaii (Territory) Department of Public Lands Division of Hydrography Bulletin 9)
• Geology and Ground-water Resources of the Island of Niihau, Hawaii, by Harold T. Stearns, Petrography of Niihau, by Gordon H. MacDonald, prepared in cooperation with the U. S. Geological Survey, Honolulu: 1947, 53 pp.
• Geology and Groundwater Resources of the Island of Oahu, Hawaii, by Harold T. Stearns and Knute N. Vaksvik, Wailuku, Maui, Hawaii: printed by Maui Pub. Co., prepared in cooperation with the U. S. Geological Survey, 1935, 479 pp. (Hawaii Department of Public Lands Division of Hydrology Bulletin 1)
• Geology and Ground-water Resources of the Island of Oahu, Hawaii: Supplement to the Geology and Ground-water Resources of the Island of Oahu, Hawaii, (Wailuku, Maui), printed by Maui Publishing Company, Limited, 1935, 479 pp.
• Geology of the Hawaiian Islands, by Harold T. Stearns, prepared in cooperation with the U. S. Geological Survey, Honolulu: Reprint of the 1946 edition published by the Advertiser Publishing Co., Honolulu, with supplement by Gordon A. MacDonald added. (“Called ‘Second print, with supplement.’”), 112 pp.
• Geology of the State of Hawaii, by Harold T. Stearns, Palo Alto, Calif.: Pacific Books, 1966, 266 pp.
• Hawaii, A Natural History: Geology, Climate, Native Flora and Fauna Above the Shoreline, by Serwin Carlquist, Illustrated by Sherwiin Carlquist and Jeanne R. Janish, 2nd ed., Lawai, Kauai, Hawaii: Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden, 1980, 468 pp.
• Hawaii, A Unique Geography, by Joseph R. Morgan, Honolulu, Hawaii, Bess Press, 1996, 244 pp. ISBN 1573060216 (“Updated ed. of Hawaii, a geography, Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1983.)
• Hawaii in Pictures, by Lois Bianchi, New York: Sterling Pub. Co., 1966, 64 pp.
• Hawaii, the Aloha State, by Helen Bauer and maps by Bruce S. McCurdy, 3rd ed. rev. and updated by Ann Rayson, Honolulu, Hawaii: Bess Press, 1982, 192 pp., ISBN: 0935848150 (paperback)  
• Highway Geology of the Hawaiian Islands: Hawaii, Maui, Oahu, Kauai and Molokai, edited by Robert Michael Easton and Monica Gaiswinkler Easton, with contributions on Kilauea by Richard W. Hazlett, Brampton, Ontario, Canada: Easton Enterprises, 1987, 158 pp., ISBN 0969282400.
• The Industrial Service Encyclopedia of Resources, 11 Western States, Alaska, Hawaii, Philippines, San Francisco: Industrial West Foundation, 1944.
• Initial Bibliography of Grove Farm Sinkhole Caves, Kauai (also known as Limestone Quarry Cave), by William R. Halliday, Hilo: Hawaii Speleological Survey of the National Speleological Society, 1993, 2 leaves. ( Hawaii Speleological Survey of the National Speleological Society, #93-02.)
• Karsts of Oahu and Other Hawaiian Islands, by William R. Halliday, 1999, pp. 96-105.
• Many Wests: Place, Culture, and Regional Identity, David M. Wrobel, Michael C. Steiner, editors, Lawrence, Kansas: University Press of Kansas, 1997, 385 pp. (#13. Noncontiguous Wests: Alaska and Hawai'i, by John S. Whitehead.)
• Natural History of Hawaii, Being an account of the Hawaiian People, the Geology and Geography of the Islands, and the Native and Introduced Plants and Animals of the Group, by William Alanson Bryan, Honolulu, Hawaii, printed by the author, The Hawaiian Gazette Co., Ltd., 1915, 596 pp.
• Petrography of the Island of Hawaii, U. S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 214-D, by Gordon A. Macdonald, Washington: U. S. Government Printing Office, 1949, 96 pp.
• Prehistoric Distribution of Stone Adzes on Hawaii Island, Implications for the Development of Hawaiian Chiefdoms, by Barbara M. Withrow, pp. 235-250, Asian Perspectives, vol. XXIX, no. 2, 1990.
• “Quarrying in Hawaii,” by Kirk Miles, in Du Pont Magazine, vol. 29, no. 7-8, Midsummer, 1935, pp. 11-15.
• The Relative Ages of the Hawaiian Landscapes, by Norman E. A. Hinds, Berkeley, CA: University Press, 1931. (Bulletin of the Department of Geological Sciences, vol. 20, no. 6)
• Roadside Geology of Hawai'i, by Richard W. Hazlett and Donald W. Hyndman, Mountain Press Publishing Company, Incorporated, September 1996. Paperback, 317 pp., ISBN: 0878423443.
• “Romancing the Stone Age, A Brief Look at Early Structural Hawaii,” by Joseph Kennedy, in Hawaii Pacific Architecture, vol. 3, no. 10, October 1996, pp. 6-7.
• Seductions of Place: Geographical Perspectives on Globilization and Touristed Landscapes, edited by Carolyn Cartier and Alan A. Lew, London, New York: Routledge, 2005, 340 pp.
• A Source Book in Hawaiian Geography, by Lorna Hooleia Jarrett, 1930. (Thesis (M.A.) University of Hawaii)
• Stone Implements and Stone Work of the Ancient Hawaiians, by William T. Brigham, Honolulu, Bishop Museum Press, 1902, 100 pp. (Memoirs of the Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum, vol. 1, no. 4)
• Stone Implements and Stone Work of Ancient Hawaiians, by William T. Brigham, Millwood, N.Y.: Kraus Reprint, 1974, 100 pp. (Memoirs of the Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum of Polynesian Ethnology and Natural History, vol. 1, no. 4)
• Stones for Building and Decoration, by George P. Merrill, 3rd ed., revised and enlarged, New York: J. Wiley & Sons, 1908, 540 pp.
• Thirteenth Census of the United States Taken in the Year 1910, Washington: Government Printing Office, 1912-14, vol. 9, 1912. (“Reports by States, with statistics for counties, cities and other civil divisions... Hawaii ”)
• Ultramafic Inclusions in Basaltic Rocks from Hawaii, by Richard William White, Berkeley; Ann Arbor, MI: University Microfilms International, [1965] 1981, 147 leaves.

List of Quarries in Hawaii & Quarry Links, Photographs and Articles

(The following list of Hawaii quarries is not a complete list of all of the historical quarries in the state, only the ones I have been able to locate. If you know of more historical quarries in Hawaii, please contact me. Peggy B. Perazzo)

• Active Quarries in Hawaii, presented by Superpages.com.

• The Big Island, the summit of Mauna Kea on the Big Island, Hawaii - Basalt Quarry presented by Michael W. Graves, University of Hawaii, Department of Anthropology in the "Technology" section of Introduction to Archaeology. The basalt quarried was used for making adzes, which was the main wood-working tool of the Hawaiians. (The link below is no longer vailable.)
  <http://www2.soc.hawaii.edu/css/anth/faculty/graves/graves210/210wk10.htm>

• Hawaii (Island of) - the Adze Quarries near the summit of Mauna Kea and other on the Island of Hawai`i, from “The ‘Rediscovery’ of the Adze Quarry,” by Patricia Tummons, Vol. 12, No. 11, May 2002, Environment Hawai`i, Inc.(The link from which the following information was obtained is no longer available.)
  <http://www.environment-hawaii.org/502the.htm>

  The author notes that there were many adze quarries that were located on the island which were no longer needed once foreign trade was introduced to the island. In the article the following publication is noted to have to some information in it that related to the adze quarries on the Island of Hawaii. (“Hawaiian Antiquities,” The Pacific Commercial Advertise, October 28, 1862.)

• Hawaii - Hawaiian Cement, 99-1300 Halawa Valley Street, Aiea, HI 96701 ; (808) 532-3400 (present-day company)
• Hawaii ( Island of) - Stone Quarry - Mauna Kea Adze Quarry, Island of Hawaii, listed by Basalt and Andesite Source Universe in Hawaii.
• Hawaii (Island of) - West Hawaii Concrete, Ltd. Quarries, from article entitled, “ MDU Resources Acquires West Hawaii Concrete,” Rock Products, Jul 30, 2001.

  As of 2001, West Hawaii Concrete, Ltd., operated four Quaries and two ready-mix plants on the island of Hawaii.

• Honolulu, Hawaii - the University of Hawaii Quarry Cave/Quarry, from “History and Status of The Moiliili Karst, Hawaii,” by William R. Halliday, Hawaii Speleological Survey, 6530 Cornwall Court, Nashville, TN 37205 USA. [PDF]

  In this article there is a mention of a basalt quarry. A limestone strata is also described noting that “The Moiliili Karst occurs in Pleistocene reef limestone.” (A map of the University of Hawaii Quarry Cave is included in this article.)

  Moiliili Karst Formations, presented by ExplorBiodiversity.com.

  This web site indicates that the University of Hawaii Quarry “was destroyed to create athletic facilities and a parking structure....”

• Kawaii, Hawaii - Kapaa Quarry (Bluestone, Hawaiian Quartz, and other stone) (The link from which this location was obtained is no longer available.)
  <http://www.kawainuimarsh.com/commercial/kapaaquarry.htm>
• Kilauea, Kauai, Hawaii - the Kahili Rock Quarry among the cliffs of Mokolea Point in the Kilauea Point National Wildlife Refuge

  According to the Trails.com web site, the Kahili Rock Quarry is a part of the Kilauea Point National Wildlife Refuge and can be accessed along the cliffs of Mokolea Point. (For more information, visit the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service web site.)

• Maui, Hawaii - the Pohakulepo Quarry located in the Waikapu area on the Island of Maui, Hawaii, from News Release, “Knife River Corp. Acquires Pohakulepo Quarry in Hawaii,” Bismark, ND, dated October 18, 2004.(The link from which the following information was obtained is no longer available.)
  <http://www.mdu.com/news/news39.html>

  Knife River Corp. announced in this 2004 news release that Hawaiian Cement, a subsidiary of Knife River, would operate the quarry.

• Oahu - Stone Quarry - Bellows Air Force Base, listed by Basalt and Andesite Source Universe in Hawaii.
• Oahu - Basalt Stone Quarry - Makua - 19 Basalt Dike, Oahu, listed by Basalt and Andesite Source Universe in Hawaii.

Structures and Monuments in Which Hawaiin Stone was Used

• Hawaiian Stone contributed to the Washington Monument, presented by the National Park Service

  Donor: State of Hawaii

  (Donated by Grace Brothers, Ltd. for the State of Hawaii.)

  Location: 360-Foot Level, West Wall Dimensions: 4 feet by 2 feet

  Inscriptions:

  "Hawaii.

  UAMAU.KE.EA

  OKA.AINA

  IKA. PONO."

  Translation: The life of the land is perpetuated in righteousness.

  Material: Coral sandstone from Waimanola, Hawaii

  Sculptor: Imformation not available.

  Carver: Information not available.

  Date: On August 1935 it was shipped from Hawaii to San Francisco and contuned by boat to Washington, DC arriving in late September. Installation was begun on January 21, 1936, and completed on February 26, 1936.

  More Information: The stone was donated by the Grace Brothers, Ltd. for the State of Hawaii.

  Sources: Park Files

• Honolulu, Hwaii - Hawai`i --Spirit Protector Sculpture, located on the front lawn of the American Cancer Society's state headquarters in Honolulu. (photograph and history), from the American Cancer Society Inc. web site.

  According to this web site, the Hawai`i--Spirit Protector Sculpture (a statue of an Hawaiian owl or pueo) was created from native Hawaii bluestone by C. W. Watson.

  Another photograph of the sculpture is available on the Honolulu Star-Bulletin web site as a part of an article entitled, “Owl stands sentry over cancer patients,” in Hawaii’s World, By A. A. Smyser, dated Thursday, January 4, 2001.

Stone Carvers, Stone Cutters, etc., in Hawaii