Dimension Stone and Building Stone

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Dimension Stone and Building Stone

"An Evaluation of Building Dimension Stone Deposits," W. R. Power, Mining Engineering, Vol. 24, No. 5, pp. 42-44, 1972. (Article)
"Book of ASTM Standards," Vol. 04.08, Anon., American Society for Testing & Materials, Philadelphia, pp. 1-33, 1991c.
Building and Decorative Stones Collection, presented by the Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, UK.
Decay and Preservation of Building Stone
"Dimension Stone," J. J. Ladabouche, Mining Engineering, Vol. 25, No. 1, p. 32, 1990.
Dimension Stone, by Harold A. Taylor, Jr. (about 1995)
Dimension Stone, 1988, H. A. Taylor, U.S. Bureau of Mines, 10. pp., 1988. (Booklet)
Dimension Stone, 1991, H. A. Taylor, U.S. Bureau of Mines, 9 pp., 1989.
"Dimension Stone," Bulletin 176, H. B. Goldman, California Division of Mines and Geology, pp. 591-606, 1957. (Book)
Dimension Stone, Information Circular 8391, W. R. Barton, U.S. Bureau of Mines, 147 pp., 1968. (Book)
"Dimension Stone," Mineral Facts and Problems, Bulletin 671, Anon., U.S. Bureau of Mines, pp. 861-868, 1980. (Book)
"Dimension Stone," Mineral Facts and Problems, Bulletin 675, H. A., Taylor, U.S. Bureau of Mines, pp. 769-776, 1985. (Book)
Directory of Principal Dimension Stone Producers in the United States in 1995
Elberton - The Quarrying and Manufacturing Process
"Geologic Appraisal of Dimension Stone Deposits," Bulletin 1109, L. W. Currier, U.S. Geological Survey, pp. 7-14, 1960. (Book)
- Industrial Minerals and Rocks - Stone, Dimension, by W. Robert Power, 6th edition, Society of Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration, Inc.: Littleton, CO, 1994, pp. 987-1001. Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration (SME). (Book)
  
  Topics covered by Mr. Power in this article include: Definitions:
  
  Stone Sold and Used in Natural or Broken Sizes: Field Stone, Rough Construction and Jetty Stone, Rubble, Flagstone, Paving Blocks
  Stone Cut to Size: Dimension Stone, Tile, Monumental Stone, Ashlar, Split-Faced Ashlar, Roofing Slate, Mill Stock Slate, Slate Dimension Stone, Curbing, Miscellaneous Uses
  Lithologic Classification: Granite, Sandstone, Limestone, Marble, Slate; Other Stone: Greenstone, Basalt, Soapstone
  Quarry Methods: Quarry Plan, Cutting the Stone, Drilling and Broaching, Line Drilling, Jet Channeling, Wire Saws Using Abrasives, Diamond Wire Saws, Chain and Belt Saws, Water Jet, Breaking and Lifting the Stone, Removing Blocks from the Quarry;
  Mill Operations: Sawing Slabs, Secondary Cuts, Shaping, Grinding, and Polishing
  Distribution of Deposits and Reserves: The United States and Canada: Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain, Appalachian Crystalline Province, Georgia, New England (Vermont, New Hampshire, and Massachusetts), Other (North Carolina); Canadian Shield; Western Province; Outside the United States and Canada
  Evaluation of Deposits: Marketability, Soundness, Other Factors
  Bibliography and References
Marble and Dimensional Stones in the United States, by Jeffrey Matthews. (1995)
"Memorial Stone," Information Circular 7720, O. Bowles, U.S. Bureau of Mines, 6 pp., 1955a. (Booklet)
"Quality from the Quarry," Dimensional Stone, J. M. Swenson, Vol. 7, No. 9, pp. 56-59, 79, 1991.
Sedimentary Rocks, F. J. Pettijohn, 3rd ed., Harper and Row, New York, 628 pp., 1975. (Book)
Stone Catalog, Anon., Building Stone Institute, Purdys, New York, 1972. (Book)
Stone, Dimension, by Lloyd E. Antonides (about 1998)
The Stone Industries, O. Bowles, 2nd ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, 519 pp., 1939. (Book)
"Stone," Mineral Commodity Summaries 1982, R. Singleton, U.S. Bureau of Mines, pp. 146-147, 1982.
"Stone," Mineral Facts and Problems, Bulletin 650, J. D. Cooper, U.S. Bureau of Mines, pp. 1219-1235, 1970.
"Stone," Minerals Yearbook, Vol. I-II,. S. O. Wood and M Carrales, Jr., U.S. Bureau of Mines, pp. 1019-1040, 1969.
Syenites - "The Building Stones" - The Syenites (gneiss, mica-schist, diabase, basalt, porphyry) (September 1885)
What are Importers, Dealers, and Distributors, by Jeffrey Matthews.

Building and Decorative Stones Collection, presented by the Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, UK. "The Building and Decorative Stones Collection totals approximately some 10,000 specimens and as such is one of the largest documented collections in the United Kingdom. Its strength and importance lie in the wide variety of U.K. and European rocks, the sources of which are no longer obtainable."
Dimension Stone, by Harold A. Taylor, Jr. (date unknown, probably 1995 or later). [PDF]

The following tables are included in this article in addition to presentation of material regarding dimension stone in the world (Please see the article in the entry above for more complete information.):

Table 1:	Salient U.S. dimension stone statistics
Table 2:	U.S. Import duties on dimension stone
Table 3:	Dimension stone sold or used by producers in the united states, by state
Table 4:	Dimension granite sold or used by producers in the united states, by state
Table 5:	Dimension limestone sold or used by producers in the united states, by state
Table 6:	Dimension sandstone sold or used by producers in the united states, by state
Table 7:	Dimension stone sold or used by producers in the united states, by use
Table 8:	Dimension granite sold or used by producers in the united states, by use
Table 9:	Dimension limestone sold or used by producers in the united states, by use
Table 10:	Dimension marble sold or used by producers in the united states, by use
Table 11:	Dimension sandstone sold or used by producers in the united states, by use
Table 12:	Dimension slate sold or used by producers in the united states, by use
Table 13:	U.S. Exports of dimension stone, by type
Table 14:	U.S imports for consumption of dimension granite, by country
Table 15:	U.S. Imports for consumption of major categories of dimension marble and other calcareous stone, by country
Table 16:	U.S. Imports for consumption of dimension stone, by type

Decay and Preservation of Building Stones
- Decay and Preservation of Building-Stone (July 1871) The Manufacturer and Builder, Vol. 3, Issue 7, pg. 149, July 1871. (Article in digital images viewed at American Memory, Library of Congress.)
- The Decay of Building Stones in New York City (February 1883) The Manufacturer and Builder, Vol. 15, Issue 2, pgs. 43-44, February 1883. (Article in digital images viewed at American Memory, Library of Congress.)
- The Decay of Building Stones in New York City (March 1883) The Manufacturer and Builder, Vol. 15, Issue 3, pg. 66, March 1883. (Article in digital images viewed at American Memory, Library of Congress.)
- Decay of Building Stones (1886) The Manufacturer and Builder, Vol. 18, Issue 12, pg. 274, December 1886. (Article in digital images viewed at American Memory, Library of Congress.)
- The Decay of the Building Stones of the City of New York and Vicinity - The Buildings, Their Number, and Common Materials (July 1890) The Manufacturer and Builder, Vol. 22, Issue 7, pgs. 152-153, July 1890. (Article in digital images viewed at American Memory, Library of Congress.)
- The Decay of the Building Stones of the City of New York and Vicinity - Durability of Building - Stones, in New York City and Vicinity, by Dr. Alexis A. Julien (August 1890) The Manufacturer and Builder, Vol. 22, Issue 8, pg. 176, August 1890. (Article in digital images viewed at American Memory, Library of Congress.)
- The Decay of the Building Stones of the City of New York and Vicinity - Means of Protection and Preservation of Stone (September 1890) (Continued from August 1890) by Dr. Alexis A. Julien, The Manufacturer and Builder, Vol. 22, Issue pg. 200, September 1890. (Article in digital images viewed at American Memory, Library of Congress.)
- The Decay of the Building Stones of the City of New York and Vicinity, by Dr. Alexis A. Julien (October 1890) The Manufacturer and Builder, Vol. 22, Issue 10, pg. 224, October 1890. (Article in digital images viewed at American Memory, Library of Congress.)
- The Decay of Building Stones of the City of New York and Vicinity - Light-Colored Sandstones (November 1890) (Continued from October 1890) by Dr. Alexis A. Julien, The Manufacturer and Builder, Vol. 22, Issue 11, pg. 248, November 1890. (Article in digital images viewed at American Memory, Library of Congress.)
- The Decay of the Building Stones of the City of New York and Vicinity - Limestone & Marble, by Dr. Alexis A. Julien (December 1890) The Manufacturer and Builder, Vol. 22, Issue 12, pg. 272, December 1890. (Article in digital images viewed at American Memory, Library of Congress.)
- The Decay of the Building Stones of the City of New York and Vicinity (January 1891) (Continued from the September 1890 article.) Notes on Quarrying - The Manufacture and Builder, Vol. 23, Issue 1, pgs. 8-9, January 1891. (Article in digital images viewed at American Memory, Library of Congress)
- The Decay of the Building Stones of the City of New York and Vicinity - Granite, Gneiss, by Dr. Alexis A. Julien (February 1891) The Manufacturer and Builder, Vol. 23, Issue 2, pg. 36, February 1891. (Article in digital images viewed at American Memory, Library of Congress.)
- The Decay of the Building Stones of the City of New York and Vicinity - General Conclusions, by Dr. Alexis A. Julien (March 1891) The Manufacturer and Builder, Vol. 23, Issue 3, pg. 56, March 1891. (Article in digital images viewed at American Memory, Library of Congress.)
- Causes of Decay in Building Stones, by Dr. John C. Smock in "Building Stones of New York" (Part I) (August 1891) The Manufacturer and Builder, Vol. 23, Issue 8, pg. 182, August 1891. (Article in digital images viewed at American Memory, Library of Congress.)
- Causes of Decay in Building Stones, by John C. Smock in "Building Stones of New York" (Part II) (September 1891) The Manufacturer and Builder, Vol. 23, Issue 9, pg. 206, September 1891. (Article in digital images viewed at American Memory, Library of Congress.)
- Decay of Stone (November 1893) The Manufacturer and Builder, Vol. 25, Issue 11, pg. 255, November 1893. (Article in digital images viewed at American Memory, Library of Congress.)
Directory of Principal Dimension Stone Producers in the United States in 1995 U.S. Department of the Interior - U.S. Geological Survey - Mineral Industry Surveys. (The link from which the following quotation was obtained is no longer available.)
< http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/commodity/stone_dimension/800295.pdf>
- (The following material is taken directly from the above publication.)

"Dimension stone was produced by 145 companies in 234 quarries in 35 states. Total U.S. output was 1.16 million metric tons valued at $233 million. Approximately 43% of the tonnage was granite. In order of tonnage, Indiana, Wisconsin, Georgia, Vermont, and Massachusetts were the leading states, accounting for 52% of the total output.

"Production of domestic granite in 1995 was 495,000 metric tons (6.26 million cubic feet) valued at $104 million, of which 27% by tonnage was rough monumental, and 25% by tonnage was curbing.

"In 1995, domestic production of other dimension stone was as follows:

363,000 metric tons of limestone (5.16 million cubic feet) worth $61.2 million, 41% of which, by tonnage, was rough blocks for building and construction.

145,000 metric tons of sandstone (2.08 million cubic feet) worth $17.2 million, 44% of which, by tonnage, was flagging.

39,600 metric tons of marble (514 thousand cubic feet) worth $21.1 million, $47% of which, by tonnage, was rough stone.

35,600 metric tons of slate worth $21.6 million, 43% of which, by tonnage, was roofing."

"Leading dimension stone quarries (sales greater than $500,000) were located in 29 states. In decreasing order of estimated total sales value, the 10 leading operations were:

Rock of Ages Corp., All Washington County Quarries, VT
The North Carolina Granite Co., Mount Airy Quarry, Surry County, NC
Georgia Marble Co., Pickens County, GA
Fletcher Granite Co., Inc., Westford, Middlesex County, MA
Indiana Limestone Co., Inc., Lawrence County Quarries, IN
Dakota Granite Co., Dakota #1 - Mahogany Quarry, Grant County, SD
McCannon Granite Co., Elbert County, GA
Indiana Limestone Co., Inc. Monroe County Quarries, IN
Featherlite Building Products, Texas Quarries, Williamson County, TX
Vetter Stone Co., Main Quarry, Blue Earth County, MN

"Prepared in the Industrial Minerals Section and the Data Collection and Coordination Section, January 23, 1997."

Table 2. - The Top 20 Producers* of Dimension Granite in the United States in 1995
(in alphabetical order)

B. & M. Quarry Inc.
Bennie & Harvey Quarries Inc.
Carolina Quarries Inc.
Cold Spring Granite Co.
Dakota Granite Co.
Fletcher Granite Co.
Georgia-Carolina Quarry Inc.
Gold Eagle Quarries Inc.
Granite Panelwall Co.
Guillen Construction

John Swenson Granite Co., Inc.
McCannon Granite Co.
Moon Rock Granite Quarry, Inc.
The North Carolina Granite Co.
Palmetto Blue Quarry Inc.
Pennsylvania Granite Corp.
Royalty Granite Co.
Service Granite Co.
Star Granite Co.
Williams Stone Co., Inc.

* Primarily selected in terms of tonnage.

Table 3. - The Top 20 Producers* of Dimension Limestone in the United States in 1995
(in alphabetical order)

B. G. Hoadley Quarry Inc.
Buechel Stone Quarry
Eden Stone Co., Inc.
Elliott Stone Co., Inc.
Evans Quarries Inc.
Featherlite Building Products
Fond du Lac Stone Co., Inc.
H. J. Born Stone Co., Inc.
Halquist Stone Co., Inc.
Independent Limestone Co.

Indiana Limestone Co., Inc.
Oran McBride Stone Co.
Reed Quarries Inc.
Star Quarry Co., Inc.
Tennessee Valley Limestone
Valders Stone & Marble. Inc.
Vetter Stone Co.
Victor Oolitic Stone Co.
Weber Stone Co., Inc.
Wysong Stone Co.

* Primarily selected in terms of tonnage.

Table 4. - The Top 10 Producers* of Dimension Slate in the United States in 1995
(in alphabetical order)

Anthony Dally Sons Inc.
Hilltop Slate
Le Sueur-Richmond Slate Corp.
Penn Big Red Slate Co., Inc.
Quarry Slate Industries Inc.

Ritchie Brothers Slate Co.
South Poultney Slate Co.
Sreebs Slate & Stone Co., Inc.
U. S. Quarried Slate Products
Vermont Structural Slate Co.

* Primarily selected in terms of tonnage.

Table 5. - Dimension Stone Associations in the United States in 1995*
(in alphabetical order)

American Monument Association	Worthington, OH
Barre Granite Association	Barre, VT
Building Stone Institute	New York, NY
Elberton Granite Association	Elberton, GA
Indiana Limestone Institute of America	Bedford, IN
Marble Institute of America	Farmington, MI

* Does not include all associations dealing with dimension stone.

Greek Marble Internet Directory (Athens, Greece) This site presents Greek marble by "Colour, Area, Sample, and Company."
Marble and Dimensional Stones in the United States, by Jeffrey Matthews (1995), Trade International Inc.
The Quarrying and Manufacturing Process - Elberton Granite, prepared by Elberton Granite Association, Inc., P. O. Box 640 Elberton, Georgia 30635. (This document is reproduced with the permission of Elberton Granite.)
Stone - Dimension, by Lloyd E. Antonides (about 1998) [PDF]
Syenites - "The Building Stones" - The Syenites (gneiss, mica-schist, diabase, basalt, porphyry) (September 1885) Both of these articles are from: Quarrying Notes - The Manufacturer and Builder, Vol. 17, Issue 9, September 1885, pgs. 179-180. (Article in digital images viewed at American Memory, Library of Congress.) End of article (pg. 180)
What are Importers, Dealers, and Distributors, by Jeffrey Matthews, Trade International Inc.

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