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1882 - The Iowa Stone and
Building Industry in 1882 (transcription), Excerpts from Mineral Resources
of the United States, Calendar Year 1882, J. S. Powell, Director,
Department of the Interior, United States Geological Survey, Government
Printing Office, Washington, D. C., 1883. Excerpts from the chapters on
1) "Structural Materials" and 2) "The Useful Minerals of
the United States."
- 1883 and 1884 Stone and Building Industry, Excerpts from Mineral Resources
of the United States - Calendar Years 1883 and 1884 (PDF images of sections),
Department of the Interior, United States Geological Survey, Government
Printing Office, Washington, D. C., 1885.
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1885 - The Iowa Stone and
Building Industry in 1885 (transcription), Excerpts from Mineral Resources
of the United States, Calendar Year 1885 (PDF images of sections), David T. Day, Geologist,
Department of the Interior, United States Geological Survey, Government
Printing Office, Washington, D. C., 1887. Excerpt from the chapter on
"Structural Materials," by H. S. Sproull.
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1886 - The Iowa Stone and
Building Industry, 1886 (transcription), Excerpts from Mineral Resources of
the United States, Calendar Year 1886 (PDF images of sections), David T. Day, Chief of Division
of Mining Statistics and Technology, Department of the Interior, United
States Geological Survey, Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C.,
1887. Excerpts from the chapter on "Structural Materials,"
by William C. Day.
- 1887 - The Iowa Stone and Building Industry, 1887, Excerpts from Mineral Resources of the United States - Calendar Year 1887 (PDF images of sections), J. W. Powell, Director, David T. Day, Chief of Division of Mining Statistics and Technology, Department of the Interior, United States Geological Survey, Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C., 1888
- 1888 - The Iowa Stone and Building Industry, 1888, Excerpts from Mineral Resources of the United States - Calendar Year 1888 (PDF images of sections), J. W. Powell, Director, David T. Day, Chief of Division of Mining Statistics and Technology, Department of the Interior, United States Geological Survey, Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C., 1890
- 1889 and 1890 - The Iowa Stone and Building Industry, 1889, Excerpts from Mineral Resources of the United States - Calendar Year 1889 and 1890 (PDF images of sections), J. W. Powell, Director, David T. Day, Chief of Division of Mining Statistics and Technology, Department of the Interior, United States Geological Survey, Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C., 1892
- 1891 - The Iowa Stone and Building Industry, 1891, Excerpts from Mineral Resources of the United States - Calendar Year 1891 (PDF images of sections), J. W. Powell, Director
David T. Day, Chief of Division of Mining Statistics and Technology, Department of the Interior, United States Geological Survey, Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C., 1893
- 1892 - The Iowa Stone and Building Industry, 1892, Excerpts from Mineral Resources of the United States - Calendar Year 1892 (PDF images of sections), J. W. Powell, Director, David T. Day, Chief of Division of Mining Statistics and Technology,
Department of the Interior, United States Geological Survey
Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C., 1893
- 1893 - The Iowa Stone and Building Industry, 1893, Excerpts from Mineral Resources of the United States - Calendar Year 1893 (PDF images of sections), J. W. Powell, Director, David T. Day, Chief of Division of Mining Statistics and Technology, Department of the Interior, United States Geological Survey, Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C., 1894
- 1894 - Iowa Stone and Building Industry
in 1894 (transcription), Excerpts from the Sixteenth Annual Report of the United States
Geological Survey, Part IV.-Mineral Resources of the United States, 1894,
Nonmetallic Products (PDF images of sections). Chapter on "Stone," by William C. Day.
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1894 - Notes
of Iowa Building Stones (transcription), by H. Foster Bain from the Sixteenth
Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, Part IV.-Mineral
Resources of the United States, 1894, Nonmetallic Products (PDF images of sections).
Chapter on "Stone," by William C. Day.
- 1895 - The Iowa Stone and Building Industry, 1895, Excerpts from Seventeenth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey (PDF images of sections), Part III. Mineral Resources of the United States, 1895, Nonmetallic Products, Except Coal. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1896.
- 1895-1938 – “A Summary of Mineral Production in Iowa 1895-1938,” by H. Garland Hershey.
- 1896 - The Iowa Stone and Building Industry, 1896, Excerpts from Eighteenth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey (PDF images of sections), Part V. Mineral Resources of the United States, 1896, Nonmetallic Products, Except Coal. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1897.
- 1897 - The Iowa Stone and Building Industry, 1897, Excerpts from Nineteenth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey (PDF images of sections), Part V. Mineral Resources of the United States, 1896, Nonmetallic Products, Except Coal. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1898.
- 1898 - The Iowa Stone and Building Industry, 1898, Excerpts from Twentieth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey (PDF images of sections), Part VI. Mineral Resources of the United States, 1898, Nonmetallic Products, Except Coal and Coke. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1899.
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1898 – Mineral Production of Iowa in 1898, by Samuel W. Beyer, Iowa Geological Survey.
- 1899 – The Iowa Stone and Building Industry, 1899, Excerpts from Twenty-first Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey (PDF images of sections), Part VI. Mineral Resources of the United States, 1899, Nonmetallic Products, Except Coal and Coke. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1901.
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1899 – Mineral Production of Iowa in 1899, by S. W. Beyer, Iowa Geological Survey.
- 1900 – The Iowa Stone and Building Industry, 1900, Excerpts from Mineral Resources of the United States - Calendar Year 1900 (PDF images of sections), Charles D. Walcott, Director, David T. Day, Chief of Division of Mining and Mineral Resources,
Department of the Interior, United States Geological Survey,
Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C., 1901.
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1900 – Mineral Production of Iowa in 1900, by S. W. Beyer, Iowa Geological Survey.
- 1901 - The Iowa Stone and Building Industry, 1901, Excerpts from Mineral Resources of the United States - Calendar Year 1901 (PDF images of sections), Charles D. Walcott, Director, David T. Day, Chief of Division of Mining and Mineral Resources, Department of the Interior, United States Geological Survey, Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C., 1902
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1901 – Mineral Production of Iowa in 1901, by S. W. Beyer, Iowa Geological Survey.
- 1902 – The Iowa Stone and Building Industry, 1902, Excerpts from Mineral Resources of the United States, Calendar Year 1902 (PDF images of sections), Charles D. Walcott, Director, Department of the Interior, United States Geological Survey, Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C., 1904.
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1902 – Mineral Production of Iowa in 1902, by S. W. Beyer, Iowa Geological Survey.
- 1903 – The Iowa Stone and Building Industry, 1903, Excerpts from Mineral Resources of the United States, Calendar Year 1903 (PDF images of sections), Charles D. Walcott, Director
Department of the Interior, United States Geological Survey, Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C., 1904.
- 1904 – The Iowa Stone and Building Industry, 1904, Excerpts from Mineral Resources of the United States, Calendar Year 1904 (PDF images of sections), Charles D. Walcott, Director, Department of the Interior, United States Geological Survey, Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C., 1905.
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1904 – Mineral Production in Iowa in 1904, by S. W. Beyer, Iowa Geological Survey.
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1904 – Cement and Cement Materials of Iowa, by Edwin C. Eckel, H. F. Bain, Iowa Geological Survey Annual Report: Vol. 15, 1904, pp. 33-124.
- 1905 – The Iowa Stone and Building Industry, 1905, Excerpts from Mineral Resources of the United States - Calendar Year 1905 (PDF images of sections), Charles D. Walcott, Director, Department of the Interior, United States Geological Survey, Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C., 1906.
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1905 – Mineral Production in Iowa in 1905, by S. W. Beyer, Iowa Geological Survey.
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1906 – Iowa Geological Survey, Vol. XVII, Annual
Report, 1906 (This link is not yet available. Please
check back in the future. When it is available, you will use this
link to read the portion of the book that pertains to quarries from, "Iowa
Geological Survey, Vol. XVII, Annual Report," 1906, which includes
geology, history, quarry information. The photographs from this book have
been presented in the "Quarries & Quarry Links, Photographs and
Articles" of the Iowa section of the web site.)
"In the early days of Iowa, the pioneers used local
stone in several of the early forts. In 1840 stone was used in
the buildings at Fort Atkinson in Wineshiek County and also for foundations
for houses and barns. Native stone was also used in public buildings.,
street curbing, gutters, paving blocks, and ballast for the railroads.
"Lime was quarried early on to be used in cement and mortar.
Eventually, this industry disappeared from Iowa.
"Once Portland Cement was widely used, the need for
great quantities of quarried stone from Iowa for use in buildings diminished.
"Then plants for manufacture of Portland cement came to Iowa, and presently
were quarrying enormous tonnages of limestone and shale from locations
in the vicinity of Winterset, at Mason City, and at Buffalo." "By 1957 only a few quarries were still producing building stone.
"Most of the quarries in Iowa were concentrated in
the eastern portion of the state. By 1957 most of the quarries
had been abandoned, although since then some have reopened. Beds
of limestone have been quarried in Allamakee, Winneshiek, and Dubuque
counties. In 1957 St. Peter sandstone was being mined in Clayton County.
"The Silurian variety of limestone can be found in
the eastern counties of Iowa in Jones, Delaware, Jackson, Cedar, Clinton,
and Scott counties. Large quantities of limestone were quarried
from these areas, especially the quarries in Jones County. At
Anamosa penitentiary personnel quarried stone to be used in buildings,
walls and terraces. This stone was also used in Botan Hall and
Morrill Hall at Iowa State College. This is the 'Anamosa stone.'
In 1957 this stone was still being quarried for use as crushed stone."
- 1906 - The Iowa Stone and Building Industry, 1906, Excerpts from Mineral Resources of the United States - Calendar Year 1906 (PDF images of sections), George
Otis Smith, Director, Department of the Interior, United States Geological Survey, Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C., 1907.
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1906 – Mineral Production in Iowa in 1906, by S. W. Beyer, Iowa Geological Survey.
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1906 – Geology of Quarry Products, by S. W. Beyer, Ira A. Williams, and Samuel Calvin, Iowa Geological Survey Annual Report, by S. W. Beyer Ira A. Williams Samuel Calvin, Iowa Geological Survey Annual Report: Vol. 17, 1906, pp. 185-526.
- 1907 – The Iowa Stone and Building Industry, 1907, Excerpts from Mineral Resources of the United States, Calendar Year 1907 (PDF images of sections), Part II. Nonmetallic Products, George Otis Smith, Director, Department of the Interior, United States Geological Survey, Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C., 1908.
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1907 – Mineral Production in Iowa in 1907, by S. W. Beyer, Iowa Geological Survey.
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1908 – The Iowa Stone and Building Industry,
1908 (transcription), Excerpts from Mineral Resources of the United States,
Calendar Year 1908, Part II - Nonmetallic Products (PDF images of sections), Department of
the Interior, United States Geological Survey, Government Printing Office,
Washington, D. C., 1909. Excerpts from the book are from the chapter on
"Stone," by A. T. Coons.
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1908 – Mineral Production in Iowa in 1908, by S. W. Beyer, Iowa Geological Survey.
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1909 & 1910 – Mineral Production in Iowa in 1909 and 1910, Iowa Geological Survey.
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1912 – Mineral Production in Iowa in 1911 and 1912, by George F. Kay, Iowa Geological Survey.
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1913 – The Road and Concrete Materials of Iowa, Pt. 1, by S. W. Beyer and H. F. Wright, Iowa Geological Survey Annual Report: Vol. 24, 1913, pp. 33-358.
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1913-1914 – Mineral Production in Iowa for 1913 and 1914, by George F. Kay, Iowa Geological Survey.
- 1915 – Mineral Production in Iowa for 1915, by George F. Kay, Iowa Geological Survey.
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1916 – Mineral Production in Iowa for 1916, by George F. Kay, Iowa Geological Survey.
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1917-1918 – Mineral Production in Iowa for 1917 and 1918, by James H. Lees, Iowa Geological Survey.
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1919-1920 – Mineral Production in Iowa in 1919 and 1920, by James H. Lees, Iowa Geological Survey.
- 1921-1922 – Mineral Production in Iowa in 1921 and 1922, by James H. Lees, Iowa Geological Survey.
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1923-1924 – Mineral Production in Iowa in 1923 and 1924, by James H. Lees, Iowa Geological Survey.
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1925 – Mineral Production in Iowa in 1925, by James H. Lees, Iowa Geological Survey.
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1926 – Mineral Production in Iowa in 1926, by James H. Lees, Iowa Geological Survey.
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1927 – Thirty-Sixth Annual Report of the State Geologist, Vol. 33, 1927, p. 5-8, by George F. Kay, Iowa Geological Survey.
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1927 – Mineral Production in Iowa in 1927, by James H. Lees, Iowa Geological Survey.
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1928 – Mineral Production in Iowa in 1928 and 1929, by James H. Lees, Iowa Geological Survey.
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1929 – Thirty-Eighth Annual Report of the State Geologist, by George F. Kay, Iowa Geological Survey Annual Report, Vol. 35, 1929, pp. 5-14.
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1930, 1931, & 1932 – Mineral Production in Iowa in 1930, 1931 and 1932, by James H. Lees, Iowa Geological Survey.
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1933-1938 – Mineral Production in Iowa for the years 1933-1938, by H. Garland Hershey, Iowa Geological Survey.
- 1895-1938 – A Summary of Mineral Production in Iowa 1895-1938, by H. Garland Hershey, Iowa Geological Survey.
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1939-1940 – Mineral Production in Iowa in 1939 and 1940, by H. Garland Hershey, Iowa Geological Survey.
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1939 – Forty-Third, Forty-Fourth, Forty-Fifth, Forty-Sixth, Forty-Seventh & Forty-Eighth Annual Reports of the State Geologist, by Arthur C. Trowbridge, Iowa Geological Survey Annual Report: Vol. 37, 1939, pp. vii-xiv.
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1941 – Forty-ninth and Fiftieth Annual Reports of the State Geologist, by Arthur C. Trowbridge, Iowa Geological Survey Annual Report: Vol. 38, 1941, pp. vii-xii.
- 1957
– The Iowa Stone Industry, 1957, Excerpts from The Palimpsest:
Quarrying in Iowa, by Charles S. Gwynne and William J. Petersen, published
monthly by the State Historical Society of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, May
1957.
- 1967 – Stone Industry in Iowa – (From Mining and Mineral Operations in the United States: A Visitor’s Guide, by Staff, Bureau of Mines, Area Mineral Resource Offices, U. S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, 1967, pp. 28.)
“Although Iowa is renowned as an agricultural State, its production of mineral commodities in 1964 was valued at more than $100 million. Construction materials (cement, stone, sand, gravel, and gypsum) make up most of the mineral output of the state, but some fossil fuels (coal and petroleum) also are produced.”
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1994 through 2010-2011 – The Mineral Industry of Iowa – United States Geological
Survey (1994 through 2010-2011)
- Geological Map of Iowa, 1907 (Indicates quarry locations) (From
Iowa Geological Survey, Vol. XVII, Fifteenth Annual Report of the Iowa
State Geologist, 1906.)
The map reads as follows:
"A Geological Map of Iowa showing commercial quarries, lime kilns and Portland Cement plants in Iowa"
Map is dated 1907. (Size is 220KB.) |
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Anamosa Limestone, presented by Benson Stone Co.
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Anamosa Limestone, on Wikipedia
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Calvin Photographic Collection -
Images of Stone Quarries - from Calvin's Scrapbook, presented
by the University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa. These photographs,
among many others, were taken by Samuel Calvin, Professor of Natural Sciences
at the University of Iowa (1873-1911) and State Geologist. Click here to access the entire
photographic collection by Samuel Calvin.
- Flowers of the Iowa Seas - Minerals, the State Historical Society
of Iowa. This site includes photographs and origin of Iowa
minerals.
- Geologic
Sources of Historic Stone Architecture in Iowa,
Iowa Department of Natural Resources.
- Iowa - A Century of Change: 1800 to 1900. (The link from which the following information was obtained is no longer available.)
< http://www.igsb.uiowa.edu/portrait/3change/change.htm>
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As the Iowa developed, people learned that good building
material could be obtained from Iowa's bedrock. Iowa limestone
was used to build the Old Capitol in the territorial capital of Iowa
City in 1849, and in 1872 limestone was used in the construction of
the Iowa Men's Reformatory in Anamosa. Many of the old stone buildings
have become landmarks. The building-stone quarries were concentrated
in eastern Iowa. Also, a number of buildings were constructed
from Sioux Quartzite obtained from an exposed bedrock at the far northwest
tip of Iowa.
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Iowa – Mineral Resource Facts, by Robert M. McKay and presented by
the Iowa Department of Natural Resources. Limestone and Dolostone,
produced in Dubuque, Jackson, and Jones counties, were used as Dimension
stone (flagging, veneer, and quarry blocks). Quarries in the Stone
City area in Jones County began producing dimension stone and have continued
since the 1880s. This stone is called Anamosa Stone, and it is marketed
throughout the midwest and as far as California. (The link to this document is no longer available, although you can read the document on the Internet Archive Wayback Machine.)
<http://www.igsb.uiowa.edu/browse/MineralResourcesFacts.htm>
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1886 - Iowa Building Stone (Part 1) (August 1886)
The Manufacturer and Builder, Vol. 18, Issue 8, August 1886, pg. 180.
(Article in digital images viewed at American Memory, Library of Congress
- slow to load.)
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1886 - Iowa Building Stone (Part 2) (September 1886)
The Manufacturer and Builder, Vol. 18, Issue 9, September 1886, pg.
202. (Article in digital images viewed at American Memory, Library of
Congress - slow to load.)
- Iowa's
Cement Industry, by Robert M. McKay and presented by Iowa Department
of Natural Resources.
- Iowa Limestone Producers Association
Inc. - ILPA, Des Moines, Iowa (present-day company)
This site has a short history on Iowa's stone industry and present-day
quarries.
- Iowa Marble and Granite Dealers’ Association (1895) The following information is from The Monumental News, August, 1895, Vol. 7, No. 8, Chicago, Illinois, pp. 499.
“President: W. C. Spaulding, Fairfield.
Secretary and Treasurer: W. W. Woods, Marshalltown.”
- Landscape Features of Iowa, by Jean Cutler Prior, adapted from
Iowa Geology 1995, Iowa Department of Natural Resources, presented
by Iowa Department of Natural Resources. (Scroll down to the
last photograph - 1800s-era quarry) Outcrops at Gitchie Manitou
State Preserve in Lyon County is the location of the oldest bedrock formation
visible anywhere in Iowa. The Sioux Quartzite has a distinctive
reddish color and can be seen ".along the edges of 'Jasper Pool,' an 1800's-era
quarry on the preserve.."
- Listing
of Mineral Producers and Mineral Production
Sites in Iowa
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Mineral Production in Iowa, by Robert M. McKay and presented by
the Iowa Department of Natural Resources, Energy and Geological Services
Division, Geological Survey Bureau. (The following quote is used
with the permission.)
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"Stone: Many of Iowa's 19th-century bridges
and buildings were built of limestone in towns along major rivers, where
rock exposures were common. The growth of railroads, the need for improved
highways, and the increased use of ag-lime required sources of crushed
stone. Prominent production districts included Cedar, Jones, Des Moines,
Marshall, Lee, Madison, Jackson, and Scott counties. By 1982 the value
of crushed stone surpassed cement and became the leading mineral commodity,
accounting for 41% of the state's total mineral value. By 1990 there
were 460 registered quarry sites in Iowa." (This site includes
a large photograph of the Bealer Quarries in Cedar County circa 1900.)
- Mineral
Resource Facts, by Robert M. McKay.
- Natural
Resource Mapping of Linn County,
by Robert D. Libra, adapted from Iowa Geology 1996, No. 21, Iowa
Department of Natural Resources.
- Underground
Limestone Mining, by Robert M. McKay and Michael J. Bounk
(Adapted from Iowa Geology 1987, No. 12, Iowa Department of Natural
Resources.) (This article includes a photograph of an underground limestone
quarry.)